Interstitial lung disease is a general category that includes many different lung conditions. All interstitial lung diseases affect the interstitium, a part of the lungs\' anatomic structure.
The interstitium is a lace-like network of tissue that extends throughout both lungs. The interstitium provides support to the lungs\' microscopic air sacs (alveoli). Tiny blood vessels travel through the interstitium, allowing gas exchange between blood and the air in the lungs.
All forms of interstitial lung disease cause thickening of the interstitium. The thickening can be due to inflammation, scarring, or extra fluid (edema). Some forms of interstitial lung disease are short-lived; others are chronic and irreversible
The most common symptom of all forms of interstitial lung disease i:
Other symptoms of interstitial lung disease include:
• Cough, which is usually dry and nonproductive.
• Weight loss, most often in people with COP or BOOP.
- Chest X-ray: A simple chest X-ray is the first test in the evaluation of most people with a breathing problem. Chest X-ray films in people with interstitial lung disease may show fine lines in the lungs.
- Computed tomography (CT scan): A CT scanner takes multiple X-rays of the chest and a computer creates detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures. Interstitial lung disease can usually be seen on a CT scan.
- Pulmonary function testing: A person sits in a sealed plastic booth and breathes through a tube. People with interstitial lung disease may have a reduced total lung capacity. They may also have a decreased ability to transfer oxygen from their lungs into their blood.
- Bronchoscopy: An endoscope is advanced through the mouth or nose into the airways. Tiny tools on the endoscope can take a sample of lung tissue.
- Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS): Using tools inserted through small incisions, a surgeon can sample multiple areas of lung tissue.
- Open lung biopsy (thoracotomy): In some cases, traditional surgery with a large incision in the chest is needed to obtain a lung biopsy.
Treatments for interstitial lung disease vary according to the type of interstitial lung disease and its cause.
For appropriate treatment consult General Physician /Pulomonologist at Aadil Hospital.
