Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine system disorder among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have enlarged ovaries that contain small collections of fluid — called follicles — located in each ovary as seen during an ultrasound exam.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome signs and symptoms often begin soon after a woman first begins having periods (menarche). In some cases, PCOS develops later during the reproductive years, for instance, in response to substantial weight gain.
To be diagnosed with the condition, doctor looks for at least two of the following:
• Irregular periods. This is the most common characteristic. Examples include menstrual intervals longer than 35 days; fewer than eight menstrual cycles a year; failure to menstruate for four months or longer; and prolonged periods that may be scant or heavy.
• Excess androgen. Elevated levels of male hormones (androgens) may result in physical signs, such as excess facial and body hair (hirsutism), adult acne or severe adolescent acne, and male-pattern baldness (androgenic alopecia).
• Polycystic ovaries. Polycystic ovaries become enlarged and contain numerous small fluid-filled sacs which surround the eggs.
Doctor may ask about:
• Medical history, including your menstrual periods
• Weight changes and other symptoms.
Doctor may also perform certain tests and exams:
• Physical exam. During your physical exam, your doctor will note several key pieces of information, including your height, weight and blood pressure.
• Pelvic exam. During a pelvic exam, your doctor visually and manually inspects your reproductive organs for signs of masses, growths or other abnormalities.
• Blood tests. Your blood may be drawn to measure the levels of several hormones to exclude possible causes of menstrual abnormalities or androgen excess that mimic PCOS
• Ultrasound. An ultrasound exam can show the appearance of your ovaries and the thickness of the lining of your uterus.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome treatment generally focuses on management of your individual main concerns, such as infertility, hirsutism, acne or obesity.
a) Lifestyle Changes:
As a first step, dietitian may recommend weight loss through a low-calorie diet combined with moderate exercise activities.
b) Medication
Your doctor may prescribe a medication to:
• Regulate your menstrual cycle.
• Help you ovulate.
• Reduce excessive hair growth.
Consult at Aadil Hospital for counseling and medical treatment.